On Dec. 5, 1994, Ukraine had signed a set of political agreements that would guarantee the country’s sovereignty and independence in return for accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.

For the 30th anniversary of the Budapest Memorandum, The Kyiv Independent’s Daria Shulzhenko visits a former Soviet-era nuclear missile silo in south Ukraine. In this video, she delves into the history and significance of the agreement that saw Ukraine relinquish its nuclear arsenal in exchange for security assurances. The report examines the legacy of the memorandum and its impact on Ukraine’s modern security challenges.

When Ukraine was the third-largest nuclear power

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